After three introductory chapters (published on the Enneagram Monthly website in late 2024), I now begin considering in earnest the ten philosophers who will be the main focus of this series of articles, proceeding by groups of historically close exemplars.  In this chapter, I start with three very famous cases, whose lives overlapped roughly the close of the Athenian Golden Age in ancient Greece.

As a reminder, I’ll be going twice through these groups of philosophers: the first tim...

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